The lack of Quranic approaches in the production of Quran-based humanities is still felt, despite the predominance of the philosophical approach in critical approaches to modern humanities, which has become very common in the Islamic world and in Iran for several decades. It seems that the CAPACITY of the method of thematic exegesis (al-Tafsīr al-mawdū'ī, Arabic: التفسیر الموضوعیّ) in this regard, can be used to bring the Holy Quran into the field of humanities. Thematic exegesis, according to whether its subject is inside or outside the Qur'an, has several functions in criticizing the structure of modern knowledge and scientific research, as well as the production of Islamic humanities. It is possible to make use of thematic exegesis of the inside of the Holy Book of Quran in order to “fundamental criticism” of the general fundamentals of humanities -the fundamentals of epistemology, axiology, ontology and anthropology- and it is also possible to use thematic exegesis for constructing and producing foundation of humanities obtained from the Holy Quran. It is used by thematic interpretation exegesis of the outside of the Holy Book of Quran -such as Shahīd (martyr) Sadr’s interrogational approach- to answer the problems of humanities and this process faces challenges such as the complexity and multiplicity of the “subject” of the humanities that exist in modern terminology of this field. It can be used in order to solve this issue in some cases to know the process of the change of the components of the modern of the conceptual history’s approach and also by analyzing the issue into several components can be shown that the components are not necessarily a product of the modern era and can be followed up in the Holy Quran and can be found up in the Holy Quran. The perspective of the Holy Quran, after that, regarding the modern subject in the desired field by the “combining” of the results obtained based on the thematic interpretation.

Background and aim: Participatory community based research is a scientific research method which has recently been considered in health sciences. This type of investigation is based on community needs. In other words, results of the research must give a response to society requirements and health problems. In this study institution of Farrokhshahr development team as a way for CAPACITY building of people to recognize and obviate their needs has been evaluated.Method: This is a participatanory community based research, which was performed in Farrokhshahr city of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province of Iran. The population of this city is about 40000. The process consisted of 5 steps: 1– people mobilization, 2– need assessment, 3– priority setting, 4– interventional programs and 5– evaluation of the program. The study was performed by Farokhshahr development team, city authorities and local confidantes. The study was supervised by Shahrekord university of medical sciences, deputy for research affairs. Community mobilization was started by composition of development team which consisted of 10 committee. Need assessment was begun when the team subjected to CAPACITY building by carrying on different workshops. This team collected community profile by corporation of other institutions. Need assessment was performed using rapid appraisal. Finally priority setting was performed using two dimensional matrix and some other tools.Results: Farrokhshahr development team was established with 4000 members who were organized in ten different committees as following: woman, elderly, health, social security, civilization and educational committees. Also, two workshops were held to build capacities in team members in order to perform need assessment and priority setting in Farrokhshahr. Need assessment led to recognition of 40 different problems. Finally, priority setting was performed using two dimensional matrix, which led to 20 priorities.Conclusion: Results of this investigation revealed that people needs in every society are different according to socio–economical condition of their society. Therefore, it is recommended that need assessments be performed with participation of the society.

AbstractPurpose: The velocity of change in the surrounding world has forced them to identify those factors which impact their change CAPACITY. The present study was conducted to identify and prioritize influential factors on organizational change CAPACITY.Methodology: In terms of purpose, this was explorative and applied research. Its population included ten familiar experts with research subjects in a research and training center. By reviewing the literature on change CAPACITY, relevant, influential factors were identified, and they were concurred by the fuzzy Delphi technique, and then they were ranked. After recognizing influential factors, a pair comparisons questionnaire was distributed among ten experts, and after gathering the questionnaires, effecting factors were ranked using the Expert Choice11 Software package and AHP technique.Findings: Results show that organizational culture, structure, and style of leadership were the main factors that impacted change CAPACITY.Conclusion: The influential factors can be divided into three categories: environmental, content, and structural elements. Environmental factors include environment and innovation; content factors include team working, intellectual capital, leadership, political behavior, and human resource management; Structural elements include strategy, structure, organizational policies, information technology, knowledge management, and technology. Value: This is the first time in the literature that the influential variables affecting the change CAPACITY were recognized and categorized in a conceptual classification that has not been seen in the previous research.

Biological inhibition of air pollution has vast advantages over physicochemical methods. One of the biggest challenges faced by researchers with traditional bio-filter in controlling Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) such as Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) is, low degradation rate (ELIMINATION CAPACITY) and accumulation of very high biomass. The use of metabolic uncouplers involves uncoupling electron transport from oxidative phosphorylation reactions and thereby ATP production is less efficient, leads to more substrate utilization. So, this research is aimed to study the influence of different metabolic uncouplers on the biodegradation rate of toluene in a biofilm bio-filter reactor. The bio-filter reactor with Pseudomonas putida MTCC 10617 as biofilm in the presence of five different metabolic uncouplers such as Pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2, 4-Dinitrophenol (DNP), 2, 4, 6-Trichlorophenol (TCP), Benzoic Acid (BA) and Malonic Acid (MA) were studied. Results showed that only PCP and TCP increased the Surface ELIMINATION CAPACITY (SEC) by 87% and 38% respectively. From the SEM analysis, larger and wider air interface cavities were observed in the biofilm subjected to PCP than TCP exposed biofilm. This infers the higher mass transfer in biofilm exposed to PCP.

Biotreatment of mixtures of H2S and NH3 gas at various ratios was studied using a three-stage bench-scale bio filter inoculated with thickened municipal activated sludge and packed with a mixture of compost and pieces of hard plastic as a novel biofilter medium. This study investigated the ELIMINATION CAPACITY, the removal efficiency, and variations of pH in the packing material, and the effect of inlet loads of H2S on the removal of NH3. At a loading rate of 8.32g NH3/m3 h and 8.32g H2S/m3h (concentration ratio of 2: 1) and an empty bed residence time of 60 s, the biofilter had an ELIMINATION CAPACITY of 8.22g NH3/m3 h and 7.42g H2S/m3 h with a removal efficiency of 98.8% and 89.18%, respectively. At a loading rate of 8.32g NH3/m3 h and 16.64g H2S/m3 h (concentration ratio of 1: 1), an ELIMINATION CAPACITY of 7.48g NH3/m3 h and 15.03g H2S/m3 h, and a removal efficiency of 90% and 90.3%, respectively, was observed. Nevertheless, at a loading rate of 4.16g NH3/m3 h and 16.64g H2S/m3h (concentration ratio of 1: 2) under same conditions, the ELIMINATION CAPACITY and removal efficiency for NH3 was reduced to about 3g NH3/m3 h and 72.34%, respectively. The H2S ELIMINATION CAPACITY and removal efficiency remained high at 14.90g H2S/m3h and 90.11%, respectively. The reduction of ammonia ELIMINATION CAPACITY, in spite of a decreased NH3 loading rate was due to the acidification of the packing material and reduction of the pH value from 7.4 to 6.6. The Results indicated that the oxidation of a large amount of H2S would involve some environmental stress on nitrification bacterial growth and activity.

Background: In recent years researchers have shown that increasing in pressure drop and low amount of ELIMINATION CAPACITY are two main limitations of biofiltration systems in pollutants treatment. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between pressure drop and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ELIMINATION CAPACITY with different mass loading rates in biofiltration system using activated sludge and mixed activated sludge and rice husk silica as packing materials.Methods: Two poly vinyl chloride (PVC) filters with one liter of prepared bed were tested for each filter. Dried activated sludge was collected from Putrajaya sewage treatment plant in Malaysia. The system was tested from different empty bed residence time (EBRT) from 30 to 90 sec and different H2S mass loading rate from 18.36 to 54 gm-3h-1.Results: Based on the statistical analysis of Pearson correlation, there was a direct and very high relationship between the increasing hydrogen sulfide mass loading rate and the amount of pressure drop in the both packed filters (p<0.01). Also, with the H2S mass loading rate of 54 gm-3h-1 and EBRT of 30 s, the maximum ELIMINATION CAPACITY was obtained in the activated sludge and mixed rice husk silica with dried activated sludge packed filters up to 52.32 and 44.33, respectively.Moreover, based on the statistical analysis of the Pearson correlation, there was a direct and very high corelatior between the increasing H2S mass loading rate and the amount of pressure drop in the both filters (p<0.01). After 53 days of operating time and 54 gm-3h-1 of mass loading rates, the maximum pressure drop reached to 3.0 and 8.0 (mm H2O) for the mixed rice husk silica with dried activated sludge packed and dried activated sludge packed filters, respectively.Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, there is a direct and positive relationship between the increasing H2S mass loading rate and the amount of pressure drop and ELIMINATION CAPACITY in both filters, but mixed rice husk silica with dried activated sludge showed higher ELIMINATION CAPACITY and lower pressure drop.

In the modern era and through abstraction, art turns to a path in which the beginning and end of an artwork get closer together than in any other era in an attempt to make the minimum space between the subject and the object, or the work and viewer so that the work is created while receiving the minimum influence from the external world and maximum closeness to the very essence of abstraction and artist’s mental and personal picture in mind. In order to omit as much as external influence as possible, the modern artist tries to omit verbal and narrative elements from his work which in the end forms the main basis of abstract creation. Therefore, it seems that in the period dominated by the linguistics and comparative literature, the path of visual representation tends to an anti-narrative creation in which the painting turns to silence and the abstract art in particular is inclined to a kind of visual language of forms trying to erect a wall between visual and verbal elements. The decision of abstract art in making a silent work and bringing the representation to an exclusive visual territory as well as the artist’s obsession with eliminating the verbal and literal elements from art, is itself a manifesto of this tendency in art. But, the main paradox here is that the modern artist, more than any other era, is affiliated to and dependent upon the modern ideologies as well as the literal and linguistic theories governing the period and this is contrary to the objective of narrative ELIMINATION and creation of a pure abstract art. In the present research, after analyzing the process of ELIMINATION of narrative elements and natural comparison from visual representation and the change in relation of representation and truth, the ELIMINATION will be visually explained in selected works of abstract painting art based on which one could claim that in an attempt to eliminate narration, the abstract art completely outcasts the very act of art creation and tries to make a minimum or no communication between the work and the viewer in favor of making a silent art which unfortunately resulted in abstract art becoming a mere bourgeois style. The abstract artist’s main goal is to create an independent “text” capable of justifying its existence on its own and free from any external influence other than those raised from the artist’s mental and personal experiences. On another side, the undeniable reliance upon the modern ideologies and the governing literal and linguistic theories is in complete contradiction with this claim. In the modern era, despite of the claim for creating pure abstract art, artists are more prone to the governing literary and linguistic theories which makes creation of a pure art almost impossible. The results of this research show that at the culmination of abstraction and narrative ELIMINATION, abstract art somehow exits the cycle of representation and turns to existence; an existence which cannot be included under any definition including the definition of representation itself.

Recently updated data show that at least 159 cases of measles have been confi rmed in the United States of America in 2019, that is in fact an unwelcome resurgence of viral infection, which had been eliminated in 2000. Alexander said “ Charlants and internet fraudsters who claim that vaccines aren’ t safe are preying on unfounded fears and daily struggles of parents, and they are creating a public health hazard that is entirely preventable” (1).